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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy can also be described as proxy server software which serves to act as an intermediary between client and server on the internet. Without an intermediary the client would an attempt to request the resource directly to a server and the server will serve the requested resource directly at the request of the customer. Although this procedure is easy to grasp and use the addition of proxies can bring benefits like increased speed and privacy, and many other. Alongside providing a layer of security, proxies act as a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking, the bundled package of servers that have installed proxy software is commonly referred to in the context of proxy servers. However, this article will be focusing on the proxies that are typically referred to as software, and also in the context of web servers. We will provide a brief overview of the two main kinds: one being forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct usage, which can be confusing due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide readers with the information on what proxy services and their subtypes, and the ways in which they can be beneficial for common setups. In this article, you'll be able to discern the scenarios in which you can benefit by a proxy, and select the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy, in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also referred to as an open proxy, also known as an open, acts as the agent of a client who would like to transmit requests via the internet to the server that created it. In this scenario it is the case that all requests from the client will instead be forwarded direct into forward proxy. Forward proxy who is acting in place on behalf of client look into the request. At first, it will determine whether the client is allowed to submit requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject requests or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client is not allowed an internet connection directly; it can only be able to access the data that forward-proxy enables its connection to.




A popular use for forward proxy is to provide more privacy or security online. Forward proxy is able to access the internet as a client. In this process, it uses another IP address in comparison to the IP address of your client.




Based on the way it has been set up, and the configuration forward proxy could perform a variety of tasks in addition to the ability to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies also are used in systems of centralized security and access is based upon permissions, like at work. In the event that all internet traffic goes via an open forward proxy an administrator could restrict access to certain clients to the internet through the common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer that can contain multiple devices that have different configurations and user the firewall can be placed at the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies need to be manually set up to work and reverse proxies could not be noticed by the user. The type of IP address of the client that is transferred to the server that originated it through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.




There are many possibilities to look into for forward proxies:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy options.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server with forward proxy capability.


Squid: An open source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't come with a complete web server application. You can refer to our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP, making it more suited to use cases like peer-topeer communication. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections with Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as an agent for a server on the internet and manages the incoming requests of clients on its behalf. The web server can serve as a single server, or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can function as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios, a request would come from a user who is on the internet at large. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the webserver that has all the resources the client would be looking for. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, protecting the webserver from direct interactions with the internet.




From the user's point of view the procedure of using reverse proxy is not any different than working with the Web server itself. It's essentially the same thing, however the client is unable to tell the distinction. The client makes the request to access an item, and it is followed by receiving it without any additional configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies may offer options, such as:




Security centralized for web servers.


Controlling traffic inbound using rules that you can set up.


The caching functionality is now available to users.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy solutions, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers and not to the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on Web server layers, which can include multiple servers with different configurations, most of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with firewalls and interacting with requests from clients off of web servers allows them to concentrate on delivering resources.




In the event of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy, it is also able to control how requests are routed to which server. Many web servers may be providing the exact same service, each serving different types of resources, or some combination of both. They may employ their HTTP protocol to perform the role of a web server in the traditional sense, however, they may also use protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct users to specific servers based on the requested resource, or to observe specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their placement in front of web servers through the capability of caching. Large static assets can be arranged using caching rules in order that they avoid having to communicate with web servers for every request. There are solutions that offer the option to directly serve static assets without needing to connect to the web server at all. Additionally, the reverse proxy can handle compression of the assets.




The well-known Nginx webserver is an efficient reverse proxy service. You can also use Nginx, Apache web server, it also includes reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature of Apache which is in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates on the reverse proxy function.



The difference between Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" and "reverse" are associated with directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the labels could be confusing since both types of proxies are capable of handling requests as well as responses. A better approach to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy providers is to take into account the requirements of the application you're creating.




Reverse proxy can be useful when you're developing solutions to run websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers for all interactions with the internet.




Forward proxy applications can be beneficial when employed in front of client traffic for your personal use, or in a work setting. They represent your client's traffic for any internet-based interaction.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the identical naming conventions will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the definition of a proxy and the two main kinds of them being the forward and the reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at the beneficial traits were used in defining forward proxy and reverse proxies. If you're interested in learning more about how proxies are implemented check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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