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"proxy" refers to a software "proxy" refers to a proxy often referred to as proxy servers are software that acts to act as an intermediary for a server and a client on the internet. Without proxy, a user could make a request for an item directly to a server and the server would then serve an item directly for the client. Although this method is easy to comprehend and implement, adding proxies offers advantages such as more performance, privacy and security, and so on. As a pass-through layer the proxy serves as a shield to the internet between users and servers.




In general, the system of server hardware that is paired with the software for proxy installation is often called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are typically described as software but specifically with respect to servers for web. We will provide a brief overview of the two primary types of proxies, which is the reverse proxy as well as a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the common terminology.




This article will provide you with an idea of what proxies as well as their subtypes and ways they can be useful in various configurations. If you go through this article, you'll learn to identify the circumstances in which the use of proxy servers is advantageous, and determine the best alternative between forward and reverse proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



A forward proxy, also known in the context of the open proxy, acts as the client's representative who is trying to send an internet request to a server that is the source. In this case every request made by the user will instead be sent via forward proxy. Forward proxy acting in place of the user, will examine the request. Then, it will decide whether or not the client is able to transmit requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject an request and transfer it on to the source server. The client isn't able to have direct connection to the internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy permits the client to access.




The most common reason for using forward proxy services is to improve privacy or security when using the internet. A forward proxy can be used to access the internet, instead of the client. In this manner, it is using an IP address that is different from the original IP address of the client.




Based on the way it's setup, and based on the way it is configured, forward proxy may provide a variety of functions and allow users to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies are also utilized to secure systems that are centralized and have access based on permissions, like at work. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy layer an administrator might restrict access for only a select group of users to the internet and be filtered by the common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer that can be utilized by a number of computers that have different settings and types of users, you can set up a firewall at the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Take note of the fact that forward proxies must be manually configured to be used, while reverse proxies are able to be obfuscated by clients. Based on whether or not the IP address of a user is relayed to an server of origin by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or not.




There are many options to consider for forward proxy services.




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that comes with forward proxy capability.


Nginx: Another popular open-source webserver which comes with forward proxy features.


Squid: A no-cost forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It's not included with the whole web server. Follow our steps on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which is more appropriate for situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You might also want to know how to set up Dante proxy to allow private connections with Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions in the capacity of an intermediary for web server, that handles customer requests on behalf of. It could represent one or more servers. It could also serve as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In either scenario the request will be made through the internet generally. Typically, the request is directed directly to the web server that hosts the resources the user is in need of. In contrast, a reverse proxy is a intermediary, and separates this webserver from all direct interaction with the internet's public.




From the point of view of the client an individual's viewpoint the process of utilizing reverse proxy is not different than working with the server in its own way. It's the same, but the client is unable to see the distinction. The client requests the resource, and is then supplied with it, with no extra configuration needed for the customer.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The web server is protected centrally.


The direction of traffic coming in is according to the rules you establish.


A new feature for caching has been added.




While centralized security is a benefit offered by both reverse and forward proxy servers. However, reverse proxies offer this feature to only the server layer but they do not offer this feature to clients. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls on the server level that could include multiple servers, each with various configurations, the bulk of security for firewalls is concentrated at the reverse proxy level. Furthermore, taking the burden of working with a firewall and connecting to client requests off web servers allows firewalls to focus on serving the requirements of their clients.




When there is a multitude of servers hosted by a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable for the way requests are routed through the server that is hosting them. Many web servers may be providing the same service, but offering different types of resource or a mix of both. The servers could use the HTTP protocol to perform the role of a web server in the traditional sense, however they can also use application server protocols such as FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy settings to send users to a specific server based on the requested resource, or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies may also profit from their position before web servers by offering caching capabilities. Large static assets can be configured by caching rules to avoid hitting web servers on every request. There are solutions that permit you to serve directly static assets, without connecting to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy is able to compress these assets.




The renowned Nginx web server can also function as a reliable reverse proxy option. While Apache is also a reverse proxy solution, the Apache web server comes equipped with a reverse proxy feature which is a feature available to Apache but Nginx was designed originally to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy features.



The distinction between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and misleading comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing as both types of proxy servers handle both requests as well as responses. A better approach to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to study the specifications of the application you're developing.




Reverse proxy can be useful in the development of an application that connects web-based applications to the internet. They act as your web servers when you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when used before customers for your own usage or in a professional setting. They act as your client's proxy when you are on the internet.




Distinguishing by use case instead of solely focusing on naming conventions that are commonplace can assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a proxy is with two kinds: reverse proxy and forward proxy. Examples of how to use it and a review of the beneficial features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're keen to learn more about the use of proxy servers, look over our guide on how to configure Nginx as a reverse proxy by using Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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